Course of tumor in the lung. They, as a rule, develop in the areas of atelectasis and distelectasis, with peripheral cancer in the immediate vicinity of the tumor, and with the central cancer in areas of lung tissue ventilated by the affected bronchus. In the initial period, reactive inflammatory paracancic changes are insignificantly expressed, but as the tumor grows, structural changes in the lung tissue progress, blood circulation is disturbed, bronchial drainage function is activated, autoinfection. At the same time, zones and areas of purulent-destructive lesions form, causing local disorders and purulent intoxication of the patient’s body, which, combined with the effects of tumor metabolism products, determine the severity of the developing pathological disorders and clearly reduce the protective and reparative capabilities of the patient’s body .

As shown by morphological studies, paracancic inflammatory changes are formed in the immediate vicinity of the tumor. Initially, a narrow strip of fibrous tissue is formed around the tumor, which is often partially destroyed by a growing tumor. Behind it are the zones of atelectasis and distelectasis, having different sizes depending on the size of the tumor and its localization. In peripheral cancer, the zone of atelectasis is narrow — from 0.5 to 2 cm, and the zone of distelectasis is in the range of 1—

segments. In central cancer, the zones of atelectasis and distelectasis are wider, seize a whole lobe, and in the defeat of the main bronchus, the whole lung. When the tumor partially closes the lumen of the bronchus, the areas of atelectasis and distelectasis contain areas of edema and hemorrhages, followed by emphysema of the lung tissue. Complete closure of the lumen of the bronchus causes atelectasis and dystelectasis of the lobe or the entire lung, depending on the size of the affected bronchus.

In the subpleural layers, hemorrhages and the development of hemorrhagic infection are observed with involvement of the visceral, and subsequently the parietal pleura. Atelectasis and distelectasis may develop retention saccular bronchiectasis, filled with purulent and necrotic masses, as well as abscesses, and sometimes lung gangrene. Impaired blood circulation of the wall of the bronchi, their drainage function, along with the development of infection in the lung, leads to the development of purulent tracheobronchitis of varying severity.