Breast adenoma – diagnosis, treatment

Adenoma of the breast – clearly demarcated tumor, consisting of epithelial elements of a benign character, prevailing over the unchanged stroma.

This property distinguishes this tumor from fibroadenoma, which is characterized by stromal changes. From a practical point of view, adenomas can be divided into two large groups: tubular and glandular (secreting).

Tubular adenomas in young women are represented by clearly delimited, freely displaceable nodes that are clinically similar to fibroadenomas. Glandular (secreting) adenomas occur during pregnancy or in the postpartum period in the form of one or more freely displaceable formations.

Macroscopically, they are well defined, softer than tubular adenomas; on the cut – lobulated, yellowish-brown. Microscopic examination of these tumors consists of glands lined by cubic cells with signs of secretory activity, which are similar to changes that normally occur in the breast tissue during pregnancy and in the postpartum period.

Sclerosis (fibrosis) of the breast – diagnosis, treatment

Sclerosing diseases are described under various names: sclerosing papillary proliferation, non-encapsulating sclerosing diseases, inductive mastopathy and radial scars.

Their importance is that they can simulate the presence of cancer in mammography, macro- and microscopic studies. Usually their diameter is less than 1 cm. Externally, they are heterogeneous, gray or white in color, dense, pulled to the center, their appearance resembles scyrrotic cancer.

Microscopic examination of these structures have a stellate structure and consist of a centrally located fibrous nucleus with glandular elements. The significance of this disease in relation to the development of cancer is disputed. Available data suggest that they are part of the complex fibrocystic mastopathy. Probably, the potential of their malignancy is similar to that of the other components of this complex. Treatment – excision of the pathological focus.